Derivative of cellulose composition



Patented Mar. 21, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM HENRY MOSS, FCUMBERLAND, .MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR TO CELANESE CORPORATION OF AMERICA, ACORPORATION OF DELAWARE DERIVATIVE 0F CELLULOSE COMPOSITION No drawing.Application filed May 13,

This invention relates to the preparationof compositions containingcellulose derivatives and resins formed from vinyl compounds, andrelates more particularly to such compositions wherein synthetic resinscompatible with the derivatives of cellulose are employed. An object ofmy invention is to prepare compositions such as coating compositions,dopes, plastic masses, etc., containing a derivative of cellulose, asynthetic resin compatible with the cellulose and a polymerized vinylcompound.

, Resins formed by the condensation of vinyl compounds have manydesirable properties, but when attempt is made to form coating orplastic compositions containing such vinyl resins and derivatives ofcellulose, satisfactory results are not obtained since the vinyl resinsare not completely compatible with such derivatives of cellulose ascellulose acetate. I have found that if synthetic or natural resinscompatible with the derivative of cellulose are added to the mix- 2 turecontaining the derivative of cellulose and the vinyl resin, solutionsmaybe formed wherein all the constituents are compatible.

In accordance with my invention IY-prepare compositions, such as plasticor coating compositions containing av derivative of cellulose, asynthetic or natural resin compatible therewith and a' resin formed bythe condensation of a vinyl compound. The composition may also containone or more natural or synthetic resins or gums, plasticizers, lowboiling, medium boiling, and/or high boiling solvents and pigmentsand/0r d es.

The solutions thus formed may be' em- 40 ployed as lacquers or coatingcompositions for metals, glass, fabrics, or other surfaces and may alsobe employed for making photographic or other films; Artificial yarns maybe formed by extruding the solutions made in accordance with myinvention through the orifices of a spinneret either into a heatedevaporative atmosphere as in dry spinning or into a precipitating bathas. in wet spinning. The solutions may also be employed as adhesives,and are particularly 1929. sernu No. 362,851.

useful in this connection for making shatterless glass by causingcelluloid sheets to adhere to surfaces of sheets of glass between whichthey are placed.

The plastic compositions made in accordance with my invention, may beworked into sheets which may also be used for making laminated glass,and also may be worked into blocks or articles in any known manner. Suchsheets or blocks are clear, homogene ous and transparent, and haveuseful properties of toughness and strength such as are very desirablein; any technical applications.

Another application of my invention is in the preparation of a tainingthe derivative compatible therewith and-the vinyl resin inintimateadmixture, which powder may be molded at elevated temperature andpressure to coalesce and form articles of any desired shape. M v Q Thederivative of cellulose that may be used for making the solutions,coating or plastic compositions may be any suitable one such ascellulose nitrate or on organic derivative of cellulose such as organicesters of cellulose or cellulose ethers. Examples of organic esters ofcellulose are cellulose acetate, cellulose formate, cellulose propionateand cellulose butyrate, while examples of cellulose others are ethylcellulose, methy cellulose and benzyl cellulose.-

Any suitable synthetic resin compatible with the derivative of cellulosemay be employed in my invention. Examples of these are the fusible andsoluble phenol formaldehyde resins prepared in the presence of an acidcatalyst, diphenylol propane-formaldehyde resins, the resins formed bythe condensation of sulfonamids, such as toluene sulfonamid, xylenesulfonamid or fbenezene sulfonamid with formaldehyde, the resins formedby the heating of lactic acid under reflux, phenol furfural resins,acetone furfural. resins, aniline furfural resins, etc. Of the naturalresins compatible with organic derivatives, accaroid and guaiac may bementioned.

Any suitable resin formed by the polymerization of vinyl compounds maybe emmolding powder conof cellulose, the resin A 30 dammar, rosin andshellac,

ployed. By vinyl compounds is meant any Ewamp le III compound having theCH CH group I Parts by therein, examples of which are vinyl acetate,vinyl halides or styrene (C H CH=CH Vmyl acetate resm 100 5 The vinylresins may be prepared by the polymerization of the same through theaction of ultra violet light in the absence or presence of catalystssuch as uranium salts.

prefer to employ a vinyl resin that is in 10 the hardest form attainableby polymerizatlon.

The low boiling point solvent that may be employed may be one or amixture of two or more of the following: acetone, alcohol,

benzene, methylene chloride, ethylene dichloride, depending uponthesolubility characteristics of the derivative of cellulose used.Examples ofimedium and/or high boiling .solvents are ethyl lactate,tetrachlorethane,

the monomethyl ether of ethylene glycol, dioxan, benzyl alcohol ordiacetone alcohol. Examples of suitable plasticizers are diethylphthalate, dibutyl tartrate, triacetin, ethyl toluene sulfonamid,diphenylol propane, etc.

As stated, small proportionsof natural resins or gums that are notcompatible with organic derivatives of cellulose may also be added, ofwhich the following may be mentioned, manila, accaroides,pontianak,'kauri,

or the semi-synthetic resin, ester gum.

By compatible is meant that the resin employed or the quantity of vinylcompound employed and the derivative of cellulose should be soluble in acommon solvent or mixture of solvents to form clear and'homogeneoussolutions, which solutions upon evaporation, form films from which theresin, the vinyl com- 4 pound or derivative of cellulose is not preciitated. I

11 order further to illustrate my invention but Without being limitedthereto, the following specific examples are given.

Example-I Parts by weight Vinyl acetate resin 100' Diphenylol propaneformaldehyde resin 3O Cellulose acetate 30 Acetone 300 Ewample H I Partsby weight Vin l acetate resin L 100 Diplienylol propane formaldehyderesin 15 Cellulose acetate 20 Acetone 300 Ethyl alcohol; 100 Benzene 100Eth l lactate or monomethyl ether of et ylene glycol 30 clearandhomogeneous 'cient amount so that the Toluene sulfonairiidfelifiiifiil' resin 45 Cellulose acetate- 30 Diethyl phthalate Acetone400 Ethyl acetate 100 Benzene 100 Dioxan 100 pound in greater quantitythan is compatible with the cellulose acetate, a synthetic resinselected from the group consisting of phenol-formaldehyde resins,diphenylol propane-formaldehyde resins, amid resins, resins formed bythe heating of lactic acid under reflux, phenol-furfural resins,aceton'e-furfural resins and anilinefurfural resins, and a commonsolvent, synaromatic sulfon-.

thetic resin being present in suflicient amount so that the resultingproduct is clearand a homogeneous.

2. A coating composition containing cellulose acetate, a polymerizedvinyl compound in greater the cellulose acetate, a synthetic resinselected from the group consisting of phenolformaldehyde resins,diphenylol-propaneformaldehyde vresins, aromatic sulfonamid resins,resins formed by the heating of lactic acid under reflux,phenol-furfural resins, acetone-furfural resins and aniline-furfuralresins, and a common solvent including acetone, synthetic resin beingpresent in sufliresulting product is clear and homogeneous.

3. A composition of matter containing parts by weight of a polymerizedvinyl acetate resin, 15 to 30 parts of diphenylol propane formaldehyderesin and 20 to 30 parts of cellulose acetate and a common solvent.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name.

. WILLIAM HENRY Moss.

quantity than is compatible with

